Characters

1. Base stats

STR

AGI

CON

DEX

INT

CHA

CHA gives less and less the higher it goes: from 25 to 50 you gain almost twice as much as from 50 to 100, and past 100 the change is barely visible.

2. AR & DR

Damage stops growing at +5, but Block and Evasion keep falling with every further point of excess AR — there is no cap there.

So excess AR above the target's DR is never wasted: it keeps lowering defence, Block and Parry even after the hit chance and the damage multiplier have hit their caps.

3. Accuracy (ACC)

Accuracy decides how much of your ATK actually lands: every hit rolls a random number between a floor and your full ATK, and ACC sets that floor.

ACC 100: damage = full ATK, always
ACC below 100: damage = random between ATK × ACC / 100 and ATK

Every point below 100 raises the floor and makes your damage steadier — it never raises the top, which is always your full ATK.

Where ACC comes from

Each hand has its own ACC, and a stance that strikes with both counts a third value:

Right hand = stance + right weapon + glove + wings + earring + buffs + DEX / 2 − 25
Left hand = stance + left weapon + glove + wings + buffs + DEX / 2 − 35
Both hands = stance + (right + left weapon) / 2 + glove + wings + earring + buffs + DEX / 2 − 30
maximum 100

DEX and the penalty next to it apply to non-magic stances only — a magic stance skips both.

4. Penetration & Immunity

1. What these stats are

Effective penetration = max(0, attacker's Penetration − target's Immunity)

Because of the zero floor, Immunity above the attacker's Penetration gives no bonus — it only cancels it out.

2. Physical damage

One point of penetration removes this much of the target's defence

Player → monster: 0.5%
Monster → player: 0.5%
Player → player: 0.25% … 0.6%, depends on AR — the higher the AR, the less each point gives

On top of defence, penetration lowers the target's Block and Evasion — one point removes 1% from each:

Block = target's Block − penetration − Ignore DEF
Evasion = target's Evasion − penetration − Ignore DEF

3. Magic damage

Resistance = target's elemental RES − effective penetration of that element

4. Extra elemental damage

If the weapon carries elemental ATK, every hit adds extra damage on top, counted separately for each element:

Extra damage = elemental ATK × (100 − (elemental RES − effective penetration)) / 100

5. What it does not do

Immunity does not protect against Ignore DEF. These are two different ways of getting through defence: Penetration subtracts from DEF flatly, Ignore DEF cuts it by a percentage, and Immunity only counters the first one.

5. Debuffs

There are two independent systems: debuffs from normal attacks and debuffs from skills.

Notation

1. Normal attacks

A normal hit can apply a debuff from three different sources. They are counted separately — each rolls on its own.

1.1 Weapon's built-in debuff

Regular monster: chance = (Weapon chance − AR penalty ×5) × (100 − Debuff RES) / 100
Boss: the same, then × 0.1

1.2 Chance from a weapon chip

Regular monster: chance = (Chip chance − AR penalty ×1) × (100 − Debuff RES) / 100
Boss: the same, then × 0.1

1.3 Buff-granted debuff chances

In the original this chance is ignored for bosses.

Regular monster: chance = full debuff chance
Boss: chance = boss debuff chance × max(1 − AR penalty × 0.2, 0.25)

2. Skills

Chance % = base chance of the type × target multiplier

Every debuff skill belongs to one of five types, and the type decides how the base chance is calculated:

Target multiplier

Coruscation lowers the target's [Debuff RES] by 15 — for the Standard type only

Which skill is which type

3. Stats

Debuff defence

4. Debuff duration

Most debuffs use a fixed base (sometimes scaled by skill level). Two special cases change that base:

AR below the target's DR

Only these skills shorten duration when your AR is below the target's DR (AR − DR is negative). If AR is equal or higher, duration is not cut:

Blood Curse, Gloomy Present, Deep Sleep, Improve Disease, Whole Cancellation

Same idea as the chance penalty: catching up to the target's DR stops the cut. Extra AR above DR does not make these debuffs last longer.

Bosses

On bosses, these debuffs last about one third as long as on a player or a regular monster:

Stun, Fear

6. Elemental damage

Skill element

Each attack skill has a fixed element. That is what the main part of the hit uses against the target’s resists (or DEF for physical skills).

Matching bracelets (+20%)

If both equipped bracelets are the same element as the skill, the main part of the skill damage gets +20% (before resist).

Buffs that change the element

A few self-buffs force a set element on skills and auto-attacks.

Without such a buff, the stance alone does not change the skill’s element.

Auto-attack

A normal auto-attack uses the bracelet’s element, not the skill’s. On the same boss, switching fire ↔ lightning bracelets changes auto-attack damage much more than it changes skills.

Example: Magic of Occultism vs Einschwer

Same elite bracelets (chip and enhance) vs Einschwer: